{ "name": "The Control Map: SI safety laws and rules worldwide", "publisher": "enterrsi.si", "url": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/", "license": "CC BY 4.0", "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "updated": "2026-11-08", "statuses": [ { "id": "in-force", "label": "In force" }, { "id": "passed", "label": "Passed, not yet in force" }, { "id": "proposed", "label": "Proposed" }, { "id": "voluntary", "label": "Voluntary or guidance" }, { "id": "stalled", "label": "Stalled or withdrawn" } ], "jurisdictions": [ { "id": "european-union", "name": "European Union", "kind": "supranational", "iso": "EU", "parent": null, "summary": "The EU AI Act is the broadest binding regime covering the most capable general purpose SI models: their obligations have applied since August 2, 2025, and the European Commission's AI Office gained enforcement and fining powers on August 2, 2026, sending its first formal information requests to leading providers in October 2026. The Digital Omnibus on AI, in force since July 27, 2026, pushed high-risk system rules back to December 2027 and August 2028 but did not delay the general purpose model duties. The EU also ratified the Council of Europe SI treaty on May 15, 2026.", "measures": [ { "id": "eu-ai-act-gpai", "name": "Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (Artificial Intelligence Act), Chapter V: obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models", "short": "EU AI Act (GPAI)", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2024-06-13", "effective": "2025-08-02", "next": "2027-08-02", "next_label": "Deadline for general purpose SI models placed on the market before August 2, 2025 to comply" }, "scope": "Providers placing general purpose SI models on the EU market, with added duties for models with systemic risk, presumed above 10^25 FLOP of training compute.", "requires": [ "Notify the Commission within two weeks of reaching or foreseeing the 10^25 FLOP systemic risk threshold", "Keep technical documentation and give information to downstream providers", "Publish a summary of training content and maintain a copyright policy", "Systemic risk models: evaluate the model, including adversarial testing, and assess and mitigate systemic risks", "Systemic risk models: track and report serious incidents to the AI Office", "Systemic risk models: ensure adequate cybersecurity for the model and its infrastructure" ], "penalties": "From August 2, 2026 the Commission can fine providers of general purpose SI models up to 3 percent of worldwide annual turnover or 15 million euros, whichever is higher.", "sources": [ { "title": "Guidelines for providers of general-purpose AI models", "publisher": "European Commission", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/guidelines-gpai-providers", "date": "2025-07-18" }, { "title": "Overview of Guidelines for GPAI Models", "publisher": "EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Future of Life Institute)", "url": "https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/gpai-guidelines-overview/", "date": null }, { "title": "EU AI Act: The AI Office sends its first requests for information to leading AI providers", "publisher": "Reed Smith", "url": "https://www.reedsmith.com/our-insights/blogs/technology-law-dispatch/102o6as/eu-ai-act-the-ai-office-sends-its-first-requests-for-information-to-leading-ai/", "date": "2026-10-26" } ] }, { "id": "eu-gpai-code-safety-security", "name": "General-Purpose AI Code of Practice: Safety and Security Chapter", "short": "GPAI Code of Practice (Safety and Security)", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-07-10", "effective": "2025-08-02", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Voluntary for providers of general purpose SI models with systemic risk; the Commission and AI Board treat it as an adequate tool for showing AI Act compliance, and signatories include Amazon, Anthropic, Google, IBM, Microsoft, Mistral AI and OpenAI, with xAI signing only this chapter and Meta not signing.", "requires": [ "Adopt a Safety and Security Framework and notify it to the AI Office", "Identify and analyze systemic risks, including CBRN, loss of control, cyber offense and harmful manipulation", "Set measurable risk acceptance criteria and proceed only when all risks are acceptable", "Use independent external evaluators, with limited exemptions", "Track and report serious incidents and file a Safety and Security Model Report", "Secure the model and maintain whistleblower protections and a healthy risk culture" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "The General-Purpose AI Code of Practice", "publisher": "European Commission", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/gpai-code-practice", "date": "2026-10-07" }, { "title": "Signing the General-Purpose AI Code of Practice: FAQ", "publisher": "European Commission", "url": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/faqs/signing-general-purpose-ai-code-practice", "date": null }, { "title": "General-Purpose AI Code of Practice", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-Purpose_AI_Code_of_Practice", "date": null } ] }, { "id": "eu-digital-omnibus-ai", "name": "Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 (Digital Omnibus on AI)", "short": "AI Omnibus", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-07-08", "effective": "2026-07-27", "next": "2026-12-02", "next_label": "Generative systems already on the market must meet the Article 50(2) marking duty, and added Article 5 provisions apply" }, "scope": "Amends the AI Act and gives the AI Office direct supervision of SI systems built on a general purpose model by the same provider and of SI systems in very large online platforms and search engines.", "requires": [ "Delays stand-alone Annex III high-risk obligations to December 2, 2027", "Delays high-risk obligations for Annex I product components to August 2, 2028", "Gives the AI Office information, inspection, binding commitment and fining powers (Articles 75a to 75c)", "Gives generative systems placed on the market before August 2, 2026 until December 2, 2026 to meet output marking duties", "Does not delay the general purpose model obligations or their August 2, 2026 enforcement start" ], "penalties": "Allows periodic penalty payments capped at 5 percent of average daily worldwide turnover per day, alongside existing AI Act fines.", "sources": [ { "title": "Digital Omnibus on AI", "publisher": "EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Future of Life Institute)", "url": "https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/ai-act-explorer/digital-omnibus/", "date": null }, { "title": "EU AI Omnibus enters into force, amending the AI Act", "publisher": "White & Case", "url": "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/eu-ai-omnibus-enters-force-amending-ai-act", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/european-union/" }, { "id": "us", "name": "United States (federal)", "kind": "national", "iso": "840", "parent": null, "summary": "No federal statute imposes safety duties on frontier SI developers; federal policy runs through executive orders and voluntary testing. EO 14365 seeks to displace state SI laws through litigation and funding conditions, and EO 14434 of September 29, 2026 renamed the field Super Intelligence across the executive branch and requires proposed statutory definition language by November 28, 2026. Frontier model testing is voluntary through NIST's CAISSI, and the bipartisan FRONTIER Act (H.R. 9925) is pending in committee.", "measures": [ { "id": "us-eo-14434", "name": "Executive Order 14434, Inaugurating the Era of Super Intelligence", "short": "EO 14434", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-09-29", "effective": "2026-09-29", "next": "2026-11-28", "next_label": "Assistant to the President for Science and Technology must submit proposed legislative language defining Super Intelligence (60 days after signing)" }, "scope": "Federal executive agencies; it places no duties on private SI developers.", "requires": [ "Agencies use the terms \"Super Intelligence\" and \"SI\" in place of the older terms in official communications and non-statutory documents, to the extent permitted by law", "Defines Super Intelligence as the technologies covered by the existing statutory definition in 15 U.S.C. 9401(3) until superseded", "Within 60 days, propose legislative language on whether the new definition should modify or supersede the statutory one, with conforming amendments", "Recommend any additional executive action", "Existing regulations, contracts, grants and historical documents need not be changed" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Executive Order 14434: Inaugurating The Era Of Super Intelligence", "publisher": "The American Presidency Project", "url": "https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/executive-order-14434-inaugurating-the-era-super-intelligence", "date": "2026-09-29" }, { "title": "Executive Order 14434 of September 29, 2026 (91 FR 63129)", "publisher": "The White House", "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/eo-14434.pdf", "date": "2026-10-02" } ] }, { "id": "us-eo-14365", "name": "Executive Order 14365, Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence", "short": "EO 14365", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-12-11", "effective": "2025-12-11", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Federal agencies, directed at state SI laws the administration considers onerous; it does not itself preempt any state law.", "requires": [ "Attorney General forms an AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state SI laws (within 30 days)", "Commerce publishes an evaluation of onerous state SI laws (due about March 11, 2026; no public release found as of November 2026)", "Condition non-deployment BEAD broadband funds on states not enforcing such laws", "FCC to consider a federal reporting and disclosure standard; FTC proposed a related policy statement on July 1, 2026", "Advisers prepare a legislative recommendation for a preemptive federal framework", "The United States joined xAI's suit against Colorado's 2024 law as a plaintiff on April 24, 2026" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence", "publisher": "Federal Register", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/12/16/2025-23092/ensuring-a-national-policy-framework-for-artificial-intelligence", "date": "2025-12-16" }, { "title": "Federal AI Preemption: DOJ Task Force vs. State AI Laws (2026 Guide)", "publisher": "AI Laws by State", "url": "https://www.ailawsbystate.com/blog/federal-ai-preemption-doj-task-force-state-law-fight-2026", "date": "2026-11-04" }, { "title": "Federal AI Preemption Fight: Where It Stands", "publisher": "CASRAI", "url": "https://casrai.org/news/federal-ai-moratorium-state-preemption-fight-2026", "date": "2026-09-20" } ] }, { "id": "us-ai-action-plan", "name": "Winning the Race: America's AI Action Plan", "short": "AI Action Plan", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-07-23", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Federal agencies; more than 90 policy actions across three pillars, with no binding duties on private SI developers.", "requires": [ "Remove federal regulations that hinder SI development and adoption", "Speed permits for data centers and semiconductor fabrication plants", "Export full stack American SI packages to allies", "Contract only with frontier model developers whose systems are objective and free from top-down ideological bias" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "White House Unveils America's AI Action Plan", "publisher": "The White House", "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/releases/2025/07/white-house-unveils-americas-ai-action-plan", "date": "2025-07-23" }, { "title": "America's AI Action Plan", "publisher": "OECD.AI Policy Navigator", "url": "https://oecd.ai/en/dashboards/policy-initiatives/americas-ai-action-plan", "date": null } ] }, { "id": "us-national-policy-framework", "name": "National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence", "short": "National Policy Framework", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-03-20", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Legislative recommendations from the White House to Congress; it is not binding.", "requires": [ "Broad federal preemption of unduly burdensome state SI laws in favor of one national standard", "States should not regulate SI model development, which is treated as interstate commerce", "States keep generally applicable child protection, fraud and consumer protection laws", "No new federal SI regulator; rely on existing agencies and industry standards", "Age assurance and harm reduction features for SI platforms likely to be used by minors" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "White House Releases National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence", "publisher": "WilmerHale", "url": "https://wilmerhale.com/en/insights/blogs/wilmerhale-privacy-and-cybersecurity-law/20260323-white-house-releases-national-policy-framework-for-artificial-intelligence", "date": "2026-03-23" } ] }, { "id": "us-caissi", "name": "Center for Advancing Innovation and Standards for Super Intelligence (CAISSI), NIST", "short": "CAISSI", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Voluntary agreements with private SI developers and evaluators; formerly the US AI Safety Institute and then the Center for AI Standards and Innovation (CAISI), renamed CAISSI in 2026.", "requires": [ "Act as industry's main government contact for testing and research on commercial SI systems", "Lead unclassified evaluations of SI capabilities that may pose national security risks, focused on cyber, biological and chemical risks", "Assess US, adversary and foreign SI systems, including possible backdoors", "Develop voluntary guidelines and standards, such as incident readiness practices published October 16, 2026" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Center for Advancing Innovation and Standards for Super Intelligence (CAISSI)", "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology", "url": "https://www.nist.gov/caissi", "date": "2026-10-16" }, { "title": "CAISSI Reports to White House", "publisher": "Tech Insider", "url": "https://tech-insider.org/caissi-ai-safety-center-white-house-reporting-independence-2026", "date": "2026-11-08" } ] }, { "id": "us-frontier-act", "name": "Frontier Risk Oversight, National Transparency, Independent Evaluation, and Reporting Act (FRONTIER Act), H.R. 9925", "short": "FRONTIER Act", "status": "proposed", "dates": { "introduced": "2026-07-23", "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Frontier SI developers, with duties tiered by developer size; it grew out of the Great American AI Act discussion draft released June 4, 2026.", "requires": [ "Publish model cards and risk management frameworks", "Undergo independent audits and ongoing assessments", "Report safety incidents", "Create a uniform national standard for catastrophic risk transparency, auditing and reporting that would displace state rules" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "H.R. 9925, FRONTIER Act, 119th Congress", "publisher": "LegiScan", "url": "https://legiscan.com/US/bill/HB9925/", "date": null }, { "title": "Reps Obernolte, Trahan Introduce Bipartisan FRONTIER Act to Strengthen Oversight of Advanced AI", "publisher": "Benton Institute for Broadband and Society", "url": "https://www.benton.org/headlines/reps-obernolte-trahan-introduce-bipartisan-frontier-act-strengthen-oversight-advanced-ai", "date": "2026-07-24" }, { "title": "Frontier AI Goes Federal: How the Great American AI Act Compares to State Laws", "publisher": "Future of Privacy Forum", "url": "https://fpf.org/blog/frontier-ai-goes-federal-how-the-great-american-ai-act-compares-to-state-laws/", "date": "2026-06-09" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/us/" }, { "id": "california", "name": "California", "kind": "state", "iso": "US-CA", "parent": "us", "summary": "California was the first state with a statute aimed at frontier SI developers: SB 53 has required published safety frameworks, transparency reports and incident reporting since January 1, 2026. In September 2026 the state added SB 813, a voluntary system for designating independent verification organizations, and Executive Order N-9-26, which asks for recommendations by November 16, 2026 on onsite lab audits, a frontier model kill switch and reporting of loss of control incidents.", "measures": [ { "id": "ca-sb-53", "name": "Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53, Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025)", "short": "SB 53", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": "2025-01-07", "signed": "2025-09-29", "effective": "2026-01-01", "next": "2027-01-01", "next_label": "First annual Cal OES report on critical safety incidents, Attorney General whistleblower report and Department of Technology review of frontier definitions due" }, "scope": "Developers that train frontier models above 10^26 operations; large frontier developers, with over $500 million in annual revenue, carry the heaviest duties.", "requires": [ "Large developers publish a frontier SI framework, review it yearly and post material changes within 30 days", "Publish a transparency report before deploying a new or substantially modified frontier model", "Report critical safety incidents to Cal OES within 15 days, or within 24 hours if there is imminent risk of death or serious injury", "Large developers send Cal OES summaries of internal catastrophic risk assessments every three months", "Protect whistleblowers, with an anonymous internal reporting channel at large developers" ], "penalties": "Civil penalties of up to $1 million per violation, enforced only by the California Attorney General.", "sources": [ { "title": "SB 53: Artificial intelligence models: large developers", "publisher": "CalMatters Digital Democracy", "url": "https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb53", "date": null }, { "title": "California SB 53: Frontier AI Law Explained", "publisher": "CASRAI", "url": "https://casrai.org/guides/california-sb-53-frontier-ai-transparency-act", "date": "2026-09-19" }, { "title": "OpenAI wants California to toughen the AI law it once fought", "publisher": "The Next Web", "url": "https://thenextweb.com/news/openai-sb-53-california-ai-safety-law-amendments", "date": "2026-08-24" } ] }, { "id": "ca-sb-813", "name": "SB 813, Independent verification organizations (Chapter 179, Statutes of 2026)", "short": "SB 813", "status": "passed", "dates": { "introduced": "2025-02-21", "signed": "2026-09-09", "effective": "2027-01-01", "next": "2027-05-01", "next_label": "Executive Order N-9-26 target for posting criteria for independent verification organizations (statutory deadline January 1, 2028)" }, "scope": "SI auditors seeking state designation as independent verification organizations; use of them by developers is voluntary.", "requires": [ "Government Operations Agency sets application, suspension and qualification criteria by January 1, 2028", "Agency convenes working groups that include engineers and SI safety experts", "Designated organizations file annual reports with the agency and the Legislature", "No one is required to use an organization or be audited; an audit is relevant but not conclusive in harm lawsuits" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "SB 813: Independent verification organizations", "publisher": "CalMatters Digital Democracy", "url": "https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb813", "date": null }, { "title": "California Finalizes Next Wave of State AI and Privacy Regulation", "publisher": "WilmerHale", "url": "https://www.wilmerhale.com/en/insights/blogs/wilmerhale-privacy-and-cybersecurity-law/20261002-california-finalizes-next-wave-of-state-ai-and-privacy-regulation", "date": "2026-10-05" } ] }, { "id": "ca-eo-n-9-26", "name": "Executive Order N-9-26", "short": "EO N-9-26", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-09-18", "effective": "2026-09-18", "next": "2026-11-16", "next_label": "Government Operations Agency recommendations due on onsite audits, a frontier model kill switch and loss of control incident reporting" }, "scope": "California state agencies; the recommendations are not binding and any new duties for frontier SI developers would need legislation.", "requires": [ "Recommend periodic onsite audits by independent verification organizations inside large frontier developers", "Recommend independent verification of safety frameworks, transparency reports and risk assessments", "Recommend a kill switch for frontier models whose effectiveness is verified on an ongoing basis", "Recommend expanding critical safety incident reporting to loss of control incidents", "Post criteria for independent verification organizations by May 1, 2027" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Newsom sets November 16 deadline to study frontier AI kill switch", "publisher": "PPC Land", "url": "https://ppc.land/newsom-sets-november-16-deadline-to-study-frontier-ai-kill-switch/", "date": "2026-09-20" }, { "title": "California AI Governance: What Executive Order N-9-26 Means", "publisher": "RadarFirst", "url": "https://www.radarfirst.com/blog/california-ai-governance-independent-verification/", "date": "2026-09-23" }, { "title": "Newsom orders California agencies to develop new AI safety plans after rejecting tougher law", "publisher": "CalMatters", "url": "https://calmatters.org/politics/2026/09/ai-rules-newsom-state-directive/", "date": "2026-09-18" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/california/" }, { "id": "new-york", "name": "New York", "kind": "state", "iso": "US-NY", "parent": "us", "summary": "New York enacted the RAISE Act on December 19, 2025 and rewrote it through chapter amendments signed March 27, 2026, aligning it closely with California's SB 53. It takes effect January 1, 2027, with a new oversight office inside the Department of Financial Services and a 72 hour incident reporting window, shorter than California's 15 days.", "measures": [ { "id": "ny-raise-act", "name": "Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act), S6953B/A6453B as amended by S8828/A9449", "short": "RAISE Act", "status": "passed", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-12-19", "effective": "2027-01-01", "next": "2027-01-01", "next_label": "Law takes effect and the Department of Financial Services office begins oversight" }, "scope": "Frontier developers training models above 10^26 FLOP; large frontier developers have at least $500 million in prior year revenue, including affiliates.", "requires": [ "Publish a transparency report at or before deploying a new or substantially modified frontier model", "Large developers publish and annually review a frontier SI framework", "Report critical safety incidents to the DFS office within 72 hours, or 24 hours if there is imminent risk of death or serious injury", "Large developers submit quarterly summaries of internal catastrophic risk assessments to DFS", "Large developers file a disclosure statement every two years and pay a share of the office's costs" ], "penalties": "Attorney General may seek up to $1 million for a first violation and up to $3 million for later violations, plus $1,000 per day for disclosure filing failures.", "sources": [ { "title": "NY Overhauls Transparency and Governance Requirements for Frontier AI Developers", "publisher": "Davis Wright Tremaine", "url": "https://www.dwt.com/blogs/artificial-intelligence-law-advisor/2026/04/ny-overhauls-frontier-ai-transparency-law", "date": "2026-04-14" }, { "title": "NY Raise Act Chapter Amendments Signed by Gov. Hochul", "publisher": "Privacy Daily", "url": "https://privacy-daily.com/news/2026/03/27/NY-Raise-Act-Chapter-Amendments-Signed-by-Gov-Hochul-2603270021", "date": "2026-03-27" }, { "title": "New York Enacts RAISE Act for AI Transparency Amid Federal Preemption Debate", "publisher": "Davis Wright Tremaine", "url": "https://www.dwt.com/blogs/artificial-intelligence-law-advisor/2025/12/new-york-raise-act-ai-safety-rules-developers", "date": "2025-12-23" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/new-york/" }, { "id": "illinois", "name": "Illinois", "kind": "state", "iso": "US-IL", "parent": "us", "summary": "Illinois enacted the Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act (SB 315) on July 6, 2026, the third state frontier SI statute and the first to require regular independent third party safety audits. Its provisions begin January 1, 2027, with framework and audit duties starting January 1, 2028.", "measures": [ { "id": "il-sb-315", "name": "Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act (SB 315)", "short": "SB 315", "status": "passed", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-07-06", "effective": "2027-01-01", "next": "2027-01-01", "next_label": "Act takes effect; framework and annual audit duties follow on January 1, 2028" }, "scope": "Frontier developers training models above 10^26 FLOP whose models are accessible in Illinois; large frontier developers exceed $500 million in annual revenue.", "requires": [ "Publish transparency reports before deploying new or substantially modified models", "Large developers publish and annually update a safety framework from January 1, 2028", "Large developers commission annual independent third party audits and post a summary within 30 days", "Report critical safety incidents to the Illinois Emergency Management Agency and Attorney General within 72 hours, or 24 hours for imminent risk", "Protect whistleblowers and provide anonymous internal reporting channels" ], "penalties": "Civil penalties of up to $1 million for a first violation and up to $3 million for later violations, enforced by the Attorney General.", "sources": [ { "title": "Gov. Pritzker Signs Nation-Leading Artificial Intelligence Safety Law", "publisher": "Office of the Governor of Illinois", "url": "https://gov-pritzker-newsroom.prezly.com/gov-pritzker-signs-nation-leading-artificial-intelligence-safety-law", "date": "2026-07-06" }, { "title": "Illinois Imposes Transparency and Safety Obligations on Frontier AI Systems", "publisher": "Crowell & Moring", "url": "https://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/illinois-imposes-transparency-and-safety-obligations-on-frontier-ai-systems", "date": "2026-07-08" }, { "title": "Illinois Governor Signs Frontier AI Model Law", "publisher": "Hunton Andrews Kurth", "url": "https://www.hunton.com/privacy-and-cybersecurity-law-blog/illinois-governor-signs-frontier-ai-model-law", "date": "2026-07-17" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/illinois/" }, { "id": "colorado", "name": "Colorado", "kind": "state", "iso": "US-CO", "parent": "us", "summary": "Colorado's 2024 AI Act was a broad algorithmic discrimination law rather than a frontier SI safety law. Its start was delayed to June 30, 2026, enforcement was paused by a stipulated order in a federal suit brought by xAI and joined by the US government, and the state repealed and replaced it with SB 26-189, a narrower disclosure law for automated decision technology effective January 1, 2027.", "measures": [ { "id": "co-sb-24-205", "name": "Colorado Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 24-205)", "short": "SB 24-205", "status": "stalled", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Developers and deployers of high-risk SI systems used in consequential decisions.", "requires": [ "Duty of reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination", "Deployer risk management programs and annual impact assessments", "Start date delayed to June 30, 2026 by SB25B-004, signed August 28, 2025", "Enforcement paused by a stipulated order in X.AI LLC v. Weiser on April 27, 2026, then repealed and replaced by SB 26-189" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Colorado Delays AI Act to June 2026; Businesses Get Breathing Room", "publisher": "PYMNTS", "url": "https://www.pymnts.com/artificial-intelligence-2/2025/colorado-delays-ai-act-to-june-2026-businesses-get-breathing-room/", "date": "2025-09-10" }, { "title": "Federal AI Preemption: DOJ Task Force vs. State AI Laws (2026 Guide)", "publisher": "AI Laws by State", "url": "https://www.ailawsbystate.com/blog/federal-ai-preemption-doj-task-force-state-law-fight-2026", "date": "2026-11-04" } ] }, { "id": "co-sb-26-189", "name": "SB 26-189 (repeal and reenactment of the Colorado AI Act)", "short": "SB 26-189", "status": "passed", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-05-14", "effective": "2027-01-01", "next": "2027-01-01", "next_label": "Law takes effect; Attorney General rules on consumer disclosures due the same day" }, "scope": "Developers and deployers of automated decision-making technology used in consequential decisions; it does not address frontier model safety.", "requires": [ "Developers give deployers documentation on intended uses, known harmful uses and limitations", "Deployers notify consumers before use and explain adverse outcomes afterward", "Consumers may correct data and request human review where commercially reasonable", "Keep records for at least three years" ], "penalties": "Violations are deceptive trade practices enforced only by the Attorney General, with a 60 day cure period until January 1, 2030.", "sources": [ { "title": "Colorado Governor Signs SB 189", "publisher": "Holland & Knight", "url": "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2026/05/colorado-governor-signs-sb-189", "date": "2026-05-18" }, { "title": "Federal AI Preemption Fight: Where It Stands", "publisher": "CASRAI", "url": "https://casrai.org/news/federal-ai-moratorium-state-preemption-fight-2026", "date": "2026-09-20" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/colorado/" }, { "id": "texas", "name": "Texas", "kind": "state", "iso": "US-TX", "parent": "us", "summary": "The Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act took effect January 1, 2026. It bans a narrow set of intentionally harmful SI uses and creates a regulatory sandbox and an Artificial Intelligence Council, but it imposes no frontier model testing or incident reporting duties.", "measures": [ { "id": "tx-traiga", "name": "Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (HB 149)", "short": "TRAIGA", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-06-22", "effective": "2026-01-01", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Developers and deployers of SI systems in Texas, plus state agencies.", "requires": [ "Bars SI systems built with intent to manipulate behavior, discriminate unlawfully or produce sexual deepfakes of children", "State agencies disclose when residents interact with SI", "Bans capturing biometric identifiers without consent", "Regulatory sandbox under a new Artificial Intelligence Council", "60 day cure period before penalties" ], "penalties": "Attorney General enforcement only, with fines of $80,000 to $200,000 per uncured violation.", "sources": [ { "title": "Governor signs Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act", "publisher": "IAPP", "url": "https://iapp.org/news/a/governor-signs-texas-responsible-artificial-intelligence-governance-act", "date": "2025-06-23" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/texas/" }, { "id": "china", "name": "China", "kind": "national", "iso": "156", "parent": null, "summary": "China regulates SI through binding administrative measures centered on security assessments, content control and labeling rather than a dedicated frontier safety statute, and an SI clause in the amended Cybersecurity Law took effect January 1, 2026. The voluntary AI Safety Governance Framework 3.0 of September 14, 2026 addresses agentic risks and loss of control. A comprehensive SI law is listed for preliminary review in the national legislature's 2026 work plan, but no draft has been published.", "measures": [ { "id": "cn-generative-measures", "name": "Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services", "short": "Generative AI Measures", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2023-07-10", "effective": "2023-08-15", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Providers of generative SI services to the public in China, including through APIs.", "requires": [ "Security assessment and algorithm filing for services with public opinion or social mobilization capacity", "Ensure training data is lawful, respecting intellectual property and personal information law", "Mark generated content conspicuously", "Prevent, remove and report illegal content" ], "penalties": "Penalized under existing laws such as the Cybersecurity, Data Security and Personal Information Protection laws; no standalone fine.", "sources": [ { "title": "What You Need to Know About China's New Generative AI Measures", "publisher": "Bird & Bird", "url": "https://www.twobirds.com/en/insights/2023/china/what-you-need-to-know-about-china’s-new-generative-ai-measures", "date": null }, { "title": "Interim Measures for Generative AI Services implemented", "publisher": "PwC China", "url": "https://pwccn.com/en/industries/telecommunications-media-and-technology/publications/interim-measures-for-generative-ai-services-implemented-aug2023.html", "date": null } ] }, { "id": "cn-labeling-measures", "name": "Measures for Labeling of AI-Generated Synthetic Content", "short": "Labeling Measures", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-03-14", "effective": "2025-09-01", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Online service providers that generate or distribute synthetic text, images, audio, video and virtual scenes, plus app distribution platforms and users.", "requires": [ "Add explicit visible labels to synthetic content", "Embed implicit labels in file metadata", "App stores check whether apps offer generative services and review labeling materials", "Users declare synthetic content when publishing it", "Follow the mandatory national labeling standard that took effect the same day" ], "penalties": "Handled by internet, telecom, public security and broadcasting authorities under existing laws.", "sources": [ { "title": "China's AI Labeling Measures and Mandatory National Standards Take Effect September 1", "publisher": "Loeb & Loeb", "url": "https://loeb.com/en/insights/publications/2025/03/chinas-ai-labeling-measures-and-mandatory-national-standards-take-effect-september-1", "date": null } ] }, { "id": "cn-cybersecurity-law-amendment", "name": "Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China, as amended October 28, 2025 (Article 20)", "short": "Cybersecurity Law SI clause", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-10-28", "effective": "2026-01-01", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "National legal basis for state support and oversight of SI development.", "requires": [ "State support for SI research, training data and computing infrastructure", "Improve SI ethics norms", "Strengthen SI risk monitoring and assessment" ], "penalties": "Fines for particularly serious violations of the Cybersecurity Law rise to RMB 10 million.", "sources": [ { "title": "China Amends Cybersecurity Law to Add First-Ever AI Clause", "publisher": "Caixin Global", "url": "https://www.caixinglobal.com/2025-10-29/china-amends-cybersecurity-law-to-add-first-ever-ai-clause-102376988.html", "date": "2025-10-29" }, { "title": "China's AI Regulation in 2026: New Laws, Rules, and Compliance Requirements", "publisher": "China Briefing", "url": "https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-ai-regulation-2026-new-laws-rules/", "date": "2026-10-24" } ] }, { "id": "cn-ai-safety-governance-framework", "name": "AI Safety Governance Framework 3.0", "short": "Framework 3.0", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-09-14", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Non-binding technical guidance from standards committee TC260, issued under Cyberspace Administration of China guidance, for SI developers and service providers.", "requires": [ "Adds a standalone agentic SI risk category covering permission abuse, planning failures and tool execution", "Describes loss of control risks, including models deceiving evaluators and sandbagging", "Treats loss of control over chemical, biological, nuclear and missile knowledge as a risk", "Adds an agentic risk management framework and trustworthy SI principles", "Updates version 2.0, released September 15, 2025" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "China: TC260 AI Safety Governance Framework 3.0 Adds Agentic AI Risks", "publisher": "Obsidian Regulatory Intelligence", "url": "https://obsidianri.com/blog/newsroom-cn-20260915-ai-safety-governance-framework-3", "date": "2026-09-15" }, { "title": "Brief #29: What China's new AI safety framework tells us before Xi meets Trump", "publisher": "AI Safety in China", "url": "https://aisafetychina.substack.com/p/brief-29-what-chinas-new-ai-safety", "date": "2026-09-23" }, { "title": "TC260 Published AI Safety Governance Framework 2.0", "publisher": "SESEC", "url": "https://sesec.eu/?p=2036", "date": "2025-10-15" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/china/" }, { "id": "united-kingdom", "name": "United Kingdom", "kind": "national", "iso": "826", "parent": null, "summary": "The UK has no binding frontier SI law. Its AI Security Institute, renamed from the AI Safety Institute on February 14, 2025, tests frontier models under voluntary arrangements with developers, and the May 13, 2026 King's Speech again included no SI bill despite a 2024 pledge to legislate for the most powerful models.", "measures": [ { "id": "uk-ai-security-institute", "name": "AI Security Institute", "short": "UK AISI", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-02-14", "effective": "2025-02-14", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Voluntary pre-deployment testing and research with frontier SI developers.", "requires": [ "Focus on serious SI risks with security implications, such as chemical and biological weapons and cyberattacks", "Criminal misuse team working with the Home Office", "Work with defense, cyber security and national security agencies", "Joint evaluations with partner institutes, such as a July 23, 2026 cyber assessment with CAISSI" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Tackling AI security risks to unleash growth and deliver Plan for Change", "publisher": "UK Government", "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tackling-ai-security-risks-to-unleash-growth-and-deliver-plan-for-change", "date": "2025-02-14" }, { "title": "Center for Advancing Innovation and Standards for Super Intelligence (CAISSI)", "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology", "url": "https://www.nist.gov/caissi", "date": "2026-10-16" } ] }, { "id": "uk-frontier-bill", "name": "Binding regulation for developers of the most powerful AI models (2024 commitment)", "short": "UK frontier bill", "status": "stalled", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Would apply binding rules to the few companies developing the most powerful SI models.", "requires": [ "Labour's 2024 manifesto promised binding regulation on the handful of companies developing the most powerful models", "The 2024 King's Speech made a tentative commitment to legislate", "No SI bill appeared in the May 13, 2026 King's Speech" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "King's Speech signals diffuse UK digital policy agenda, but no AI bill", "publisher": "IAPP", "url": "https://iapp.org/news/a/king-s-speech-signals-diffuse-uk-digital-policy-agenda-but-no-ai-bill", "date": "2026-05-14" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/united-kingdom/" }, { "id": "japan", "name": "Japan", "kind": "national", "iso": "392", "parent": null, "summary": "Japan's AI Promotion Act, fully in force since September 1, 2025, is a framework law that promotes SI and creates a cabinet level AI Strategic Headquarters, with no penalties. The first AI Basic Plan was adopted December 23, 2025, and the Japan AI Safety Institute evaluates SI safety without regulatory powers.", "measures": [ { "id": "jp-ai-promotion-act", "name": "Act on the Promotion of Research, Development and Utilization of Artificial Intelligence-Related Technologies (Act No. 53 of 2025)", "short": "AI Promotion Act", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": "2025-02-28", "signed": null, "effective": "2025-06-04", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Mainly the national government; it sets no penalties for SI developers.", "requires": [ "Promote research, development and use of SI technologies", "Create the AI Strategic Headquarters under the Prime Minister", "Government adopts an AI Basic Plan, first adopted December 23, 2025", "Remaining provisions, including the headquarters, took effect September 1, 2025" ], "penalties": "None; the Act carries no statutory penalties.", "sources": [ { "title": "Act on Promotion of Research and Development and Application of Artificial Intelligence-Related Technologies entered into force", "publisher": "Digital Policy Alert", "url": "https://digitalpolicyalert.org/event/30833-act-on-promotion-of-research-and-development-and-application-of-artificial-intelligence-related-technologies-entered-into-force-excepting-certain-provisions", "date": null }, { "title": "Japan's AI Governance: Major Government Steps Since the AI Act", "publisher": "Bird & Bird", "url": "https://cm.twobirds.com/en/insights/2025/japan/japan's-ai-governance-major-government-steps-since-the-ai-act", "date": null }, { "title": "Post-election Japan AI policy: regulatory and operational updates", "publisher": "Hogan Lovells", "url": "https://hlc.com/en/publications/post-election-japan-ai-policy-regulatoryoperational-updates", "date": "2026-02-16" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/japan/" }, { "id": "south-korea", "name": "South Korea", "kind": "national", "iso": "410", "parent": null, "summary": "South Korea's AI Basic Act took effect January 22, 2026 as a comprehensive national SI law. It adds safety duties for systems above a training compute threshold set by decree (reported as 10^26 FLOP), labeling for generative output and local agents for large foreign firms, with fines capped at 30 million won and a government stated grace period of about one year before fines.", "measures": [ { "id": "kr-ai-basic-act", "name": "Framework Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and the Creation of a Foundation for Trust (Act No. 20676)", "short": "AI Basic Act", "status": "in-force", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-01-21", "effective": "2026-01-22", "next": "2027-01-22", "next_label": "End of the one year grace period on administrative fines indicated by the Ministry of Science and ICT (policy, not statute)" }, "scope": "SI business operators serving Korea, including foreign firms; safety duties apply to systems above a training compute threshold set by decree, reported as 10^26 FLOP.", "requires": [ "High-compute systems: identify, assess and mitigate risks across the lifecycle and report results to the Minister of Science and ICT", "High-impact SI: pre-deployment self-review, risk management, explanation and user protection plans, and human oversight", "Notify users in advance when a product uses generative or high-impact SI, and label generated outputs", "Clearly mark realistic synthetic audio, images and video", "Foreign operators above revenue or user thresholds appoint a domestic agent" ], "penalties": "Administrative fines of up to 30 million won for failing to give notice, appoint a domestic agent or obey corrective orders.", "sources": [ { "title": "Framework Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and the Creation of a Foundation for Trust", "publisher": "Korea Ministry of Government Legislation", "url": "https://www.law.go.kr/LSW/eng/engLsInfoR.do?lsiSeq=268543", "date": null }, { "title": "South Korea's AI Basic Act: Overview and Key Takeaways", "publisher": "Cooley", "url": "https://www.cooley.com/news/insight/2026/2026-01-27-south-koreas-ai-basic-act-overview-and-key-takeaways", "date": "2026-01-27" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/south-korea/" }, { "id": "canada", "name": "Canada", "kind": "national", "iso": "124", "parent": null, "summary": "Canada has no federal SI statute. The Artificial Intelligence and Data Act died when Parliament was prorogued on January 6, 2025, and no successor bill had been tabled as of late September 2026, leaving a 2023 voluntary code of conduct and the Canadian AI Safety Institute, launched in November 2024, as the main federal tools.", "measures": [ { "id": "ca-aida", "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (Part 3 of Bill C-27)", "short": "AIDA", "status": "stalled", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Would have been Canada's first dedicated federal statute regulating SI systems.", "requires": [ "Died on the order paper when Parliament was prorogued on January 6, 2025", "No standalone successor SI bill tabled as of September 2026", "The privacy part returned separately as Bill C-36 in June 2026, without SI provisions" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "What Replaced Canada's AIDA? AI Rules in Canada in 2026", "publisher": "Fruggr", "url": "https://www.fruggr.io/en/what-replaced-canada-aida-ai-regulation-2026/", "date": "2026-09-29" } ] }, { "id": "ca-voluntary-code", "name": "Voluntary Code of Conduct on the Responsible Development and Management of Advanced Generative AI Systems", "short": "Voluntary Code", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2023-09-27", "effective": "2023-09-27", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Developers and managers of advanced generative SI systems that choose to sign; 46 signatories as of March 2025.", "requires": [ "Maintain a risk management framework proportionate to the activities", "Assess and mitigate risks before deployment", "Developers of public systems use multiple lines of defense, including third party audits before release", "Publish capabilities and limitations and offer a free way to detect generated content", "Monitor for harmful use and keep a database of post-deployment incidents" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "ISED's Voluntary Code of Conduct on the Responsible Development and Management of Advanced Generative AI Systems", "publisher": "Osler", "url": "https://www.osler.com/en/insights/updates/ised-s-voluntary-code-of-conduct-on-the-responsible-development-and-management-of-advanced-generativ/", "date": null }, { "title": "Canada moves toward safe and responsible artificial intelligence", "publisher": "Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada", "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/innovation-science-economic-development/news/2025/03/canada-moves-toward-safe-and-responsible-artificial-intelligence.html", "date": "2025-03-06" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/canada/" }, { "id": "brazil", "name": "Brazil", "kind": "national", "iso": "076", "parent": null, "summary": "Brazil's comprehensive SI bill, PL 2338/2023, passed the Senate on December 10, 2024 but remains in a special committee of the Chamber of Deputies after missing several expected vote dates in 2026. The rapporteur said in August 2026 that a vote would come after the October elections, so its final content and timing are uncertain.", "measures": [ { "id": "br-pl-2338", "name": "Projeto de Lei 2338/2023", "short": "PL 2338/2023", "status": "proposed", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Brazil's proposed general legal framework for SI; final scope is still being negotiated in the Chamber of Deputies.", "requires": [ "Passed the Senate by voice vote on a substitute text on December 10, 2024", "Under review by a Chamber of Deputies special committee, with Aguinaldo Ribeiro as rapporteur", "Vote expected after the October 2026 elections", "After a Chamber vote, the bill returns to the Senate" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Bill 2338/2023: where Brazil's AI framework stands in 2026", "publisher": "Bairo Gonzalez", "url": "https://bairogonzalez.com/en/in-the-world/ia/pl-2338-brazil-ai-legal-framework-2026/", "date": "2026-10-04" }, { "title": "Brazil's AI Bill Misses Fourth Deadline in a Row", "publisher": "Entercast Consulting", "url": "https://www.entercastconsulting.com.br/en/blog/brazil-ai-bill-pl-2338-delay-2026", "date": "2026-08-15" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/brazil/" }, { "id": "india", "name": "India", "kind": "national", "iso": "356", "parent": null, "summary": "India has chosen guidelines over new legislation. The India AI Governance Guidelines released by MeitY on November 5, 2025 rely on existing laws and voluntary measures, coordinated by an AI Governance Group supported by an expert committee and the AI Safety Institute, and India hosted the February 2026 AI Impact Summit.", "measures": [ { "id": "in-ai-governance-guidelines", "name": "India AI Governance Guidelines", "short": "AI Governance Guidelines", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-11-05", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Non-binding national guidance for SI developers, deployers and government bodies.", "requires": [ "Seven principles, including trust, people first, accountability, and safety, resilience and sustainability", "AI Governance Group coordinates policy, supported by the Technology and Policy Expert Committee and the AI Safety Institute", "Action plan items include India specific risk frameworks, incident reporting and liability regimes", "Prefers flexible regulation and innovation sandboxes over a standalone SI law" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "MeitY unveils India AI Governance Guidelines to ensure safe, inclusive and responsible AI adoption", "publisher": "The Tribune", "url": "https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/business/meity-unveils-india-ai-governance-guidelines-to-ensure-safe-inclusive-and-responsible-ai-adoption", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/india/" }, { "id": "australia", "name": "Australia", "kind": "national", "iso": "036", "parent": null, "summary": "Australia's National AI Plan of December 2, 2025 dropped proposed mandatory guardrails for high-risk SI in favor of existing laws, and an Australian AI Safety Institute was announced November 25, 2025 to test emerging SI risks. On July 15, 2026 the government reversed course and said it will create Australian Standards for AI, with legislation expected in early 2027 and scope still undefined.", "measures": [ { "id": "au-national-ai-plan", "name": "National AI Plan", "short": "National AI Plan", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-12-02", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Whole of government plan relying on existing technology neutral laws and guidance.", "requires": [ "Did not proceed with ten proposed mandatory guardrails for high-risk SI", "Update existing laws and issue guidance instead of a standalone SI act", "Establish an Australian AI Safety Institute" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Australia now has a National AI Plan. Now What?", "publisher": "Piper Alderman", "url": "https://piperalderman.com.au/insight/australia-now-has-a-national-ai-plan-now-what/", "date": "2025-12-10" } ] }, { "id": "au-ai-safety-institute", "name": "Australian AI Safety Institute", "short": "AU AISI", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-11-25", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Government technical hub working with existing regulators and the National AI Centre; operations were expected to start in early 2026.", "requires": [ "Monitor, test and share information on emerging SI capabilities, risks and harms", "Coordinate with existing regulators rather than replace them", "Join the International Network of AI Safety Institutes" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Australian Government to establish AI Safety Institute", "publisher": "Bird & Bird", "url": "https://cm.twobirds.com/en/insights/2025/australia/australian-government-to-establish-ai-safety-institute", "date": null } ] }, { "id": "au-standards-for-ai", "name": "Australian Standards for AI", "short": "Australian Standards for AI", "status": "proposed", "dates": { "introduced": "2026-07-15", "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Scope, thresholds, penalties and whether duties will be mandatory for all SI are not yet defined.", "requires": [ "New Office of AI in the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet to design and legislate the standards", "Mandatory requirements announced so far cover energy and water use of large SI data centers, plus copyright protections", "Legislation expected in early 2027" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Australia's AI standards: what the July 2026 reversal means", "publisher": "Compliance Council", "url": "https://compliancecouncil.com.au/insights/australia-ai-standards-july-2026-reversal-what-it-means/", "date": "2026-08-11" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/australia/" }, { "id": "singapore", "name": "Singapore", "kind": "national", "iso": "702", "parent": null, "summary": "Singapore has no binding frontier SI law. It convenes international scientists behind the Singapore Consensus on Global AI Safety Research Priorities, first published May 8, 2025 and updated in July 2026, which sets non-binding research priorities on risk assessment, trustworthy development, control and societal resilience.", "measures": [ { "id": "sg-singapore-consensus", "name": "The 2026 Singapore Consensus on Global AI Safety Research Priorities", "short": "Singapore Consensus", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": "2025-05-08", "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Non-binding scientific consensus for researchers, funders and standards bodies, developed at Singapore's International Scientific Exchange on AI Safety.", "requires": [ "Risk assessment, including loss of control risk and secure evaluation infrastructure", "Developing trustworthy, secure and reliable systems through specification, design and verification", "Control through monitoring and intervention after deployment", "Societal resilience, added as a fourth area in 2026" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "The Singapore Consensus on Global AI Safety Research Priorities", "publisher": "arXiv", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.20702", "date": "2025-05-08" }, { "title": "The 2026 Singapore Consensus on Global AI Safety Research Priorities", "publisher": "arXiv", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.14611", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/singapore/" }, { "id": "council-of-europe", "name": "Council of Europe", "kind": "international", "iso": "INTL", "parent": null, "summary": "The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence is the first legally binding international treaty in this field, covering human rights, democracy and the rule of law across the SI lifecycle. It opened for signature on September 5, 2024 and the EU ratified it on May 15, 2026, but it needs five ratifications including three Council of Europe member states, and reports that it is already in force could not be confirmed against the official treaty record.", "measures": [ { "id": "coe-framework-convention", "name": "Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)", "short": "CETS 225", "status": "passed", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2024-09-05", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "States and the EU that ratify it, for activities across the SI lifecycle that may affect human rights, democracy and the rule of law.", "requires": [ "Parties adopt measures so SI activities respect human rights, democracy and the rule of law", "Enters into force three months after five ratifications, at least three by Council of Europe member states", "Signatories include the EU, UK, US, Canada, Japan, Israel, Norway, Switzerland and Ukraine", "EU ratification deposited May 15, 2026; Bosnia and Herzegovina signed December 9, 2025 and North Macedonia May 8, 2026" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence", "publisher": "Council of Europe", "url": "https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence/the-framework-convention-on-artificial-intelligence", "date": null }, { "title": "Recent Changes for Treaties: May", "publisher": "Council of Europe Treaty Office", "url": "https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/may", "date": null }, { "title": "EU Formally Ratifies Council of Europe AI Framework Convention (May 2026)", "publisher": "Fix the AI GAP", "url": "https://fixtheaigap.com/research/policies/2026-05-24-council-of-europe-ai-convention-eu-ratification/", "date": "2026-05-24" }, { "title": "Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framework_Convention_on_Artificial_Intelligence", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/council-of-europe/" }, { "id": "united-nations", "name": "United Nations", "kind": "international", "iso": "INTL", "parent": null, "summary": "In August 2025 the UN General Assembly created an Independent International Scientific Panel on AI and a Global Dialogue on AI Governance. The 40 member panel, co-chaired by Yoshua Bengio and Maria Ressa, released its preliminary report on July 1, 2026, and the first Dialogue met in Geneva on July 6 and 7, 2026, with the next session planned for New York in 2027.", "measures": [ { "id": "un-scientific-panel", "name": "Independent International Scientific Panel on AI", "short": "UN Scientific Panel", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-08-26", "effective": "2026-02-12", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "40 independent experts serving three year terms, established by resolution A/RES/79/325; advisory, with no binding powers.", "requires": [ "Produce an annual scientific assessment of SI capabilities, risks and impacts", "Present each report to the Global Dialogue on AI Governance", "Members drawn from all UN regions, with no more than two per nationality", "Preliminary report released July 1, 2026" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Independent International Scientific Panel on AI: FAQ", "publisher": "United Nations", "url": "https://www.un.org/independent-international-scientific-panel-ai/en/faq", "date": null }, { "title": "Independent International Scientific Panel on AI", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_International_Scientific_Panel_on_AI", "date": null } ] }, { "id": "un-global-dialogue", "name": "Global Dialogue on AI Governance", "short": "Global Dialogue", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-08-26", "effective": "2026-07-06", "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "UN member states and stakeholders; a forum with no binding outcomes.", "requires": [ "Regular intergovernmental and multistakeholder discussion of SI governance", "First session held in Geneva on July 6 and 7, 2026", "Next session planned in New York in 2027", "Receives the Scientific Panel's annual report" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Independent International Scientific Panel on AI: FAQ", "publisher": "United Nations", "url": "https://www.un.org/independent-international-scientific-panel-ai/en/faq", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/united-nations/" }, { "id": "g7", "name": "G7", "kind": "international", "iso": "INTL", "parent": null, "summary": "The G7 Hiroshima AI Process produced the International Code of Conduct for Organizations Developing Advanced AI Systems in 2023. Adherence is voluntary and tracked through an OECD reporting framework launched February 7, 2025; version 2.0 launched May 28, 2026, and reports from 31 companies were published October 2, 2026.", "measures": [ { "id": "g7-hiroshima-code", "name": "Hiroshima Process International Code of Conduct for Organizations Developing Advanced AI Systems", "short": "Hiroshima Code of Conduct", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Organizations developing advanced SI systems, which report voluntarily through the OECD.", "requires": [ "Eleven actions covering risk identification, assessment and mitigation across the lifecycle", "Incident reporting and information sharing", "Public reporting on risk management practices through the OECD Hiroshima AI Reporting Framework", "Version 2.0 of the reporting framework adds coverage of agentic SI" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Hiroshima AI Reporting Framework: About", "publisher": "OECD.AI", "url": "https://oecd.ai/en/transparency/about", "date": null }, { "title": "HAIP Reporting Framework 2.0 launch", "publisher": "OECD.AI", "url": "https://oecd.ai/en/haip-2-launch", "date": "2026-05-28" }, { "title": "Hiroshima AI Process Reporting Framework", "publisher": "Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan", "url": "https://www.soumu.go.jp/hiroshimaaiprocess/en/report.html", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/g7/" }, { "id": "international-summits", "name": "International summit series", "kind": "international", "iso": "INTL", "parent": null, "summary": "A series of intergovernmental summits produced the main political statements on frontier SI risk. The 2023 Bletchley Declaration recognized potential catastrophic harm, the 2024 Seoul summit secured company commitments to publish safety frameworks with risk thresholds, and the February 2026 New Delhi summit's declaration, endorsed by 92 countries and organizations including the US and China, relied on voluntary measures for secure and trusted SI.", "measures": [ { "id": "bletchley-declaration", "name": "The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1-2 November 2023", "short": "Bletchley Declaration", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2023-11-01", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "28 countries and the EU; New Zealand joined on October 23, 2024.", "requires": [ "Recognize potential serious, even catastrophic, harm from the most capable SI models", "Flag cybersecurity, biotechnology and disinformation risks and possible loss of human control", "Developers of the most powerful frontier systems bear a particularly strong responsibility for safety", "Developers should use safety testing and evaluations and be transparent about mitigations" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "The Bletchley Declaration by Countries Attending the AI Safety Summit, 1-2 November 2023", "publisher": "UK Government", "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-safety-summit-2023-the-bletchley-declaration/the-bletchley-declaration-by-countries-attending-the-ai-safety-summit-1-2-november-2023.", "date": "2023-11-01" } ] }, { "id": "seoul-frontier-commitments", "name": "Frontier AI Safety Commitments, AI Seoul Summit 2024", "short": "Seoul Commitments", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2024-05-21", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "16 companies at launch, with Magic, MiniMax, 01.ai and NVIDIA added later for 20 in total.", "requires": [ "Assess risks across the lifecycle, including before deployment", "Set thresholds at which severe risks are deemed intolerable unless adequately mitigated", "In the extreme, do not develop or deploy a model if risks cannot be kept below thresholds", "Publish a safety framework focused on severe risks ahead of the next summit in France", "Maintain internal accountability and public transparency on safety approaches" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Frontier AI Safety Commitments, AI Seoul Summit 2024", "publisher": "UK Government", "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/frontier-ai-safety-commitments-ai-seoul-summit-2024/frontier-ai-safety-commitments-ai-seoul-summit-2024", "date": "2024-05-21" } ] }, { "id": "new-delhi-declaration", "name": "New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact", "short": "New Delhi Declaration", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": null, "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Endorsed by 92 countries and international organizations, including the US, China and the EU, as of March 5, 2026.", "requires": [ "Secure and Trusted AI pillar recognizes the security of SI systems and industry voluntary measures", "Notes the Trusted AI Commons, a voluntary platform of tools, benchmarks and practices", "Calls for policy frameworks that protect the public interest across the SI lifecycle", "All commitments are voluntary and non-binding" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "AI Impact Summit 2026 Concludes with Adoption of New Delhi Declaration", "publisher": "Press Information Bureau, Government of India", "url": "https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2231208®=3&lang=1", "date": "2026-02-21" } ] }, { "id": "new-delhi-frontier-commitments", "name": "New Delhi Frontier AI Commitments", "short": "New Delhi Commitments", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-02-19", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Global and Indian frontier SI companies; no signatory list was published in the source reviewed.", "requires": [ "Use anonymized, aggregated usage data to inform policy on jobs, skills and workforce planning", "Evaluate SI systems across languages and cultural contexts", "Voluntary commitments announced by India's IT minister at the AI Impact Summit" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "India unveils New Delhi Frontier AI Commitments at AI Impact Summit", "publisher": "DD News", "url": "https://ddnews.gov.in/en/india-unveils-new-delhi-frontier-ai-commitments-at-ai-impact-summit/", "date": "2026-02-19" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/international-summits/" }, { "id": "us-china", "name": "United States and China (bilateral)", "kind": "international", "iso": "INTL", "parent": null, "summary": "After their Washington summit of September 23 to 25, 2026, the US and Chinese governments agreed to an SI dialogue, which the US calls the US-China Super Intelligence Dialogue, and a bilateral channel for SI incidents. Neither side has published a signed text or defined an incident, and the next exchange was described as due in November 2026.", "measures": [ { "id": "us-china-si-dialogue", "name": "U.S.-China Super Intelligence (SI) Dialogue and AI incident communication channel", "short": "US-China SI Dialogue", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2026-09-25", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "The two governments only; no binding obligations.", "requires": [ "Set up a bilateral communication channel for SI related incidents", "Hold a dialogue on SI risks and benefits, with the next exchange by November 2026", "Chip export controls are not part of the mechanism, according to the US Trade Representative" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "China, US to open AI communication channel after summit, White House says", "publisher": "Al Jazeera", "url": "https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/26/china-us-to-open-ai-communication-channel-after-summit-white-house-says", "date": "2026-09-26" }, { "title": "China and U.S. agree to establish AI safety channel and continue trade and military talks", "publisher": "PBS NewsHour", "url": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/china-and-u-s-agree-to-establish-ai-safety-channel-and-continue-trade-and-military-talks", "date": null }, { "title": "US-China AI Deal Explained: Super Intelligence Dialogue and AI Hotline", "publisher": "Second Talent", "url": "https://www.secondtalent.com/resources/us-china-ai-deal/", "date": "2026-09-28" } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/us-china/" }, { "id": "global-civil-society", "name": "Global civil society", "kind": "international", "iso": "INTL", "parent": null, "summary": "The Statement on Superintelligence, organized by the Future of Life Institute and released October 22, 2025, is a public call rather than a government commitment. It asks for a prohibition on developing superintelligence until there is broad scientific consensus it can be done safely and controllably and strong public buy-in, and its site showed more than 78,000 signatures when checked in November 2026.", "measures": [ { "id": "fli-superintelligence-statement", "name": "Statement on Superintelligence", "short": "FLI Statement", "status": "voluntary", "dates": { "introduced": null, "signed": "2025-10-22", "effective": null, "next": null, "next_label": null }, "scope": "Open to individuals and organizations; signatures carry no legal force.", "requires": [ "Prohibit the development of superintelligence", "Lift the prohibition only after broad scientific consensus that it can be done safely and controllably", "Also require strong public buy-in before lifting it" ], "penalties": null, "sources": [ { "title": "Statement on Superintelligence", "publisher": "Future of Life Institute", "url": "https://superintelligence-statement.org/", "date": null }, { "title": "FLI Newsletter: October 2025", "publisher": "Future of Life Institute", "url": "https://newsletter.futureoflife.org/p/fli-newsletter-october-2025", "date": null } ] } ], "page": "https://enterrsi.si/control-map/global-civil-society/" } ], "labs": [ { "id": "anthropic-rsp", "lab": "Anthropic", "policy": "Responsible Scaling Policy", "version": "3.4", "updated": "2026-07-08", "summary": "Version 3.0 (February 24, 2026) rewrote the policy around a public Frontier Safety Roadmap and periodic Risk Reports, specified mitigations only for the next capability level, and dropped the earlier implied pause commitment. Later versions let the Long-Term Benefit Trust request external review of Risk Reports and revised the automated R&D threshold.", "url": "https://www.anthropic.com/responsible-scaling-policy" }, { "id": "openai-preparedness", "lab": "OpenAI", "policy": "Preparedness Framework", "version": "2", "updated": "2025-04-15", "summary": "Tracks biological and chemical, cybersecurity and SI self-improvement capabilities against High and Critical thresholds, with a Safety Advisory Group advising leadership. OpenAI announced a full rewrite on August 18, 2026 after judging a model may have reached the Critical cyber threshold; no replacement version had been located as of this update.", "url": "https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/18a02b5d-6b67-4cec-ab64-68cdfbddebcd/preparedness-framework-v2.pdf" }, { "id": "openai-frontier-governance", "lab": "OpenAI", "policy": "Frontier Governance Framework", "version": "May 2026", "updated": "2026-05-28", "summary": "Maps OpenAI's safety and security practices to California's frontier transparency law and the EU General-Purpose AI Code of Practice, covering cyber offense, CBRN, harmful manipulation and loss of control. It sits alongside the Preparedness Framework and does not replace it.", "url": "https://openai.com/index/openai-frontier-governance-framework" }, { "id": "google-deepmind-fsf", "lab": "Google DeepMind", "policy": "Frontier Safety Framework", "version": "3.1", "updated": "2026-04-17", "summary": "Sets Critical Capability Levels for CBRN, cyber, harmful manipulation and ML R&D, and adds Tracked Capability Levels, including one for stealth and situational awareness tied to misalignment. Reaching a Critical Capability Level requires a safety case and governance approval before external or high-risk internal deployment.", "url": "https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/strengthening-our-frontier-safety-framework/frontier-safety-framework_3-1.pdf" }, { "id": "meta-superintelligence-scaling", "lab": "Meta", "policy": "Superintelligence Scaling Framework", "version": "2.1", "updated": "2026-10-02", "summary": "The October 2026 revision of the framework previously titled the Frontier AI Framework sets Critical, High and Moderate risk levels across cybersecurity, chemical and biological, and loss of control outcomes. High risk models deploy only with mitigations that bring risk to moderate, and development past Critical continues only when catastrophic risks are judged acceptable.", "url": "https://research.meta.ai/static/meta-superintelligence-scaling-framework" }, { "id": "xai-faif", "lab": "xAI", "policy": "Frontier Artificial Intelligence Framework", "version": "June 30, 2026", "updated": "2026-06-30", "summary": "Commits xAI to at least annual systemic risk assessments covering CBRN, offensive cyber, loss of control and harmful manipulation, with release only when risks are judged acceptable. It also sets security controls for model weights and an incident response process that can include shutting systems down.", "url": "https://media.x.ai/v1/website/xai-frontier-artificial-intelligence-framework-30-june-2026-99c40684.pdf" }, { "id": "microsoft-fgf", "lab": "Microsoft", "policy": "Frontier Governance Framework", "version": "February 2026", "updated": null, "summary": "Screens Microsoft's most advanced models for CBRN, offensive cyber, advanced autonomy, loss of control and harmful manipulation capabilities, rescreening at least every six months. Risks must be brought to low or medium before deployment, or development and deployment pause.", "url": "https://cdn-dynmedia-1.microsoft.com/is/content/microsoftcorp/microsoft/msc/documents/presentations/CSR/Frontier-Governance-Framework-Feb-2026.pdf" }, { "id": "amazon-fmsf", "lab": "Amazon", "policy": "Frontier Model Safety Framework", "version": "September 2026", "updated": "2026-09-17", "summary": "Sets Critical Capability Thresholds for CBRN weapons proliferation, offensive cyber operations and loss of control, and commits Amazon not to deploy a model that meets a threshold until safeguards bring risk to acceptable levels. This is the reviewed update of the first 2025 version.", "url": "https://cdn.amazon.science/a0/4f/bca5cb32495280835d9370a466b7/amazon-fmsf-9-2026.pdf" } ] }