CETS 225

What it is

Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)

States and the EU that ratify it, for activities across the SI lifecycle that may affect human rights, democracy and the rule of law.

What it requires

• Parties adopt measures so SI activities respect human rights, democracy and the rule of law
• Enters into force three months after five ratifications, at least three by Council of Europe member states
• Signatories include the EU, UK, US, Canada, Japan, Israel, Norway, Switzerland and Ukraine
• EU ratification deposited May 15, 2026; Bosnia and Herzegovina signed December 9, 2025 and North Macedonia May 8, 2026

Penalties

No penalties: this measure has no binding enforcement.

Status

Passed, not yet in force As of November 8, 2026, per the Control Map page for Council of Europe. Statuses follow the Control Map method: in force means binding and applying now; passed means enacted but not yet applying; voluntary covers guidance and pledges; proposed means formally introduced; stalled means withdrawn, paused or dead.

Sources

1. The Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence Council of Europe
2. Recent Changes for Treaties: May Council of Europe Treaty Office
3. EU Formally Ratifies Council of Europe AI Framework Convention (May 2026) Fix the AI GAP · May 24, 2026
4. Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence Wikipedia